Русский язык (Определение главной информации текста)
Результаты теста
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Вопрос 1
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды.
1. The speaker has some time to herself / himself at work.
2. The speaker hasn’t given up the job because she / he likes dealing with customers.
3. There is a growing need for the speaker’s services.
4. Although the job is boring the speaker does it because it is wellpaid.
5. The speaker enjoys her / his job although she / he doesn’t make good money.
6. The speaker agrees to do any job because she / he needs money badly.
7. The speaker likes the environment and the fact that she / he doesn’t have to work too quickly.
| Говорящий | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Утверждение |
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5 , 4 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 7
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Вопрос 2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A) Peter dislikes going to the cinema.
B) Peter has a strong opinion about Indian films.
C) Indian films are long because of the viewers’ demands.
D) Indian films are very expensive in making.
E) Dancing interferes with understanding the plot in Indian films.
F) Most Indian films reflect everyday life in the country.
G) Bollywood produces more films a year than European studios.
Запишите в ответ цифры, расположив их в порядке, соответствующем буквам:
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
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1 , 2 , 1 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 3
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Вопросы 3-9
Вы услышите рассказ. В заданиях 3—9 впишите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа в поле ответа ниже. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3.What do we learn about Alice at the beginning of the interview?
1) She has an Academy award already.
2) She’s 18 years old.
3) She was born in Brazil.
4.Which of the following is TRUE about Alice’s family?
1) She takes part in a business with her family.
2) All of her relatives live in São Paolo.
3) Many of her relatives work in show business.
5.What made Alice want to become an actress?
1) A theatre play she once saw.
2) Her school in São Paolo.
3) Glossy magazines about stars.
6.Which is TRUE about Alice’s current project?
1) Her character is very beautiful.
2) Her part isn’t in English.
3) Her friend offered her the role.
7.Why did Alice sign up for Queen of the South?
1) Because of the film director.
2) Because of the role she had to play.
3) Because she had written the book.
8.What does Alice’s acting coach help her with?
1) Getting to know the character.
2) Memorizing the lines.
3) Suggesting ideas about costumes.
9.What does Alice say about having to act in English?
1) It’s easier when she spends a long time working on it.
2) It’s no problem for her anymore.
3) It makes her translate all the time.
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3 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 1
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Вопрос 10
Раздел 2. Чтение
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. Places to stay in
2. Public transport
3. Cultural differences
4. Nightlife
5. Camping holidays
6. Contacts with neighbours
7. Different landscapes
8. Eating out
A. Sweden is a land of contrast, from the Danish influence of the southwest to the Laplanders wandering freely with their reindeer in the wild Arctic north. And while Sweden in cities is stylish and modern, the countryside offers many simpler pleasures for those who look for peace and calm. The land and its people have an air of reserved calm, and still the world’s best-selling pop group Abba, which used to attract crowds of hysterical fans, come from Sweden.
B. Historically, Sweden has an interesting story. Its dealings with the outside world began, in fact, during Viking times, when in addition to the well- known surprise attacks of the nearby lands, there was much trading around the Baltic, mostly in furs and weapons. Swedish connections with the other Scandinavian countries, Norway and Denmark, have been strong since the Middle Ages. The monarchies of all three are still closely linked.
C. Sweden’s scenery has a gentler charm than that of neighbouring Norway’s rocky coast. Much of Sweden is forested, and there are thousands lakes, notably large pools near the capital, Stockholm. The lakeside resort in the centre of Sweden is popular with Scandinavians, but most visitors prefer first the Baltic islands. The largest island, Gotland, with its ruined medieval churches, is a particular attraction.
D. Sweden boasts a good range of hotels, covering the full spectrum of prices and standards. Many of them offer discounts in summer and at weekends during the winter. In addition, working farms throughout Sweden offer accommodation, either in the main farmhouse or in a cottage nearby. Forest cabins and chalets are also available throughout the country, generally set in beautiful surroundings, near lakes, in quiet forest glades or on an island in some remote place.
E. Living in a tent or caravan with your family or friends at weekends and on holiday is extremely popular in Sweden and there is a fantastic variety of special places. Most are located on a lakeside or by the sea with free bathing facilities close at hand. There are over 600 campsites in the country. It is often possible to rent boats or bicycles, play mini-golf or tennis, ride a horse or relax in a sauna. It is also possible to camp in areas away from other houses.
F. Swedes like plain meals, simply prepared from the freshest ingredients. As a country with a sea coast and many freshwater lakes, fish dishes are found on all hotel or restaurant menus. Top-class restaurants in Sweden are usually fairly expensive, but even the smallest towns have reasonably priced self-service restaurants and grill bars. Many restaurants all over Sweden offer a special dish of the day at a reduced price that includes main course, salad, soft drink and coffee.
G. Stockholm has a variety of pubs, cafes, clubs, restaurants, cinemas and theatres but in the country evenings tend to be very calm and peaceful. From August to June the Royal Ballet performs in Stockholm. Music and theatre productions take place in many cities during the summer in the open air. Outside Stockholm in the 18th-century palace there are performances of 18th-century opera very popular with tourists.
| Говорящий | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| Утверждение |
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3 , 6 , 7 , 1 , 5 , 8 , 4
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Вопрос 11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
The first hoots of laughter from an ancient ancestor of humans could be heard at least 10 million years ago, according to the results of a new study. Researchers used recordings of apes and babies being tickled A ______ to the last common ancestor that humans shared with the modern great apes, which include chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.
The finding challenges the opinion В ______ , suggesting instead that it emerged long before humans split from the evolutionary path that led to our primate cousins, between 10m and 16m years ago.
“In humans, laughing can be the strongest way of expressing how much we are enjoying ourselves, but it can also be used in other contexts, like making fun of someone,” said Marina Davila Ross, a psychologist at Portsmouth University. “I was interested in С ______ .”
Davila Ross travelled to seven zoos around Europe and visited a wildlife reserve in Sabah, Borneo, to record baby and juvenile apes D ______ . Great apes are known to make noises that are similar to laughter when they are excited and while they are playing with each other.
Davila Ross collected recordings of laughter from 21 chimps, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos and added recordings of three babies that were tickled to make them laugh.
To analyze the recordings, the team put them into a computer program. “Our evolutionary tree based on these acoustic recordings alone showed E ______ , but furthest from orangutans, with gorillas somewhere in the middle.” said Davila Ross. “What this shows is strong evidence to suggest F ______ .”
1. whether laughing emerged earlier on than humans did
2. to create the evolutionary tree linking humans and apes
3. that laughter is a uniquely human trait
4. that humans were closest to chimps and bonobos
5. that laughing comes from a common primate ancestor
6. while their caretakers tickled them
7. to trace the origin of laughter back
| Пропуск | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Часть предложения |
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Вы пропустили вопрос
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7 , 3 , 1 , 6 , 4 , 5
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Вопрос 12-18
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании выберите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, впишите её в соответствующее поле внизу страницы.
The human brain is selective about the things it pays attention to. Our senses are constantly attacked by smells, colours, tastes, and sounds, and much of that information has to be filtered out, so we can focus on the important things that can keep us alive. But humans aren't the only animals who need to focus on certain signals to stay alive, so what sets us apart?
As it turns out, when humans and macaques focus on the same task their brains work differently, a small study published recently shows. The finding reveals that the human attention network probably expanded over time. And that's a pretty important piece of our evolutionary puzzle – especially given how often scientists use the macaque brain to study our own.
During the test the humans and the monkeys had to memorise a picture, like a green car, for instance. Then, they were told to fixate on a point in the centre of a computer screen. As the monkeys and the humans stared at the point, a stream of images appeared in various parts of the screen at a rate of about 10 objects per second. The goal was to push a button whenever they saw the green car appear.
The data captured during the test showed that the region of the human brain that plays a key role in redirecting attention doesn't have an equivalent in the macaque brain. The researchers also found that some brain areas were more active in humans than in macaques during this task. Finally, there was more communication between the two brain hemispheres in humans compared with the macaques – a finding that researchers think was surprising.
The increased communication doesn't necessarily mean that the way the human brain operates is better, however. Sharing information with other parts of the brain may reduce the speed of certain processes in humans. If that's the case, it may mean that being able to react quickly to a predator's approach, for instance, matters more for macaques. Humans, on the other hand, may have traded speed for some kind of cognitive flexibility.
These differences point to a larger message: humans seem to have developed an additional attention control network over evolutionary time. Contrasting both brains as they perform the same tasks is a good way of reconstructing the evolutionary forces that lead to these differences.
Humans are much more complex in the way they interact socially, so they need a better ability to single out those subtle cues and use that information to guide their future decisions than a macaque would. It's therefore possible that this additional network is used to detect behavioural information that macaques don't need. The study didn't look at social behaviours, however.
The most exciting finding is the fact that there is a clear sign that the human brain has some unique properties that separate it from other primates.
Yet, some scientists claim that the findings can't really discredit the use of the macaque brain model. They believe that here is a wealth of evidence that the macaque is an excellent model for attention research in general. Others point out that the data isn't very detailed.
For the researchers the study shows that there are some aspects of human cognition that we’ll just have to study in humans, instead of monkeys. They hope that this work will push scientists to try to learn more about the macaque brain. Focusing on that could reveal much about what the human brain has done to adapt to its own environment during the past 25 million years.
12.The main object of the research was
1) the evolution of the human brain.
2) the comparison of human and primate brain.
3) the cues people pay attention to.
4) the human attention network.
13.During the test macaques and people did NOT have to
1) focus on the screen.
2) keep an image in memory.
3) fix an image on the screen.
4) identify an image.
14.The findings of the test revealed that
1) human and primate brains are similar.
2) parts of the human brain communicate faster.
3) the macaque brain can capture more data.
4) human communication is more intense.
15.According to the text increased communication may lead to
1) slower processes.
2) attention changes.
3) better reaction.
4) lack of focus.
16.The phrasal verb ‘traded for’ (‘…may have traded speed for) in Paragraph 5 probably means
1) transformed.
2) exchanged.
3) estimated.
4) changed.
17.According to the author, macaques did NOT develop an additional attention system because they
1) did not have behavioural information.
2) could not get subtle signals.
3) did not need behavioural information.
4) had no need to make decisions.
18.The researchers hope that the findings of the study may help to
1) change human brain research methods.
2) discover facts about human behaviour.
3) study environments for brain development.
4) study human adaptation processes.
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4 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
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Вопросы 19-26
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке
19.LARGE
Teotihuacan is an enormous archaeological site in Mexico. It contains some of the ______ pyramids in America.
20.KNOW
Also, the archaeological site of Teotihuacan ______ for the so-called ‘street of the dead’ and its colourful frescos.
21.BECOME
Between 1AD and 250AD Teotihuacan ______ an important religious and economic centre when the construction of the Pyramids of the Sun and Moon had been finished.
22.THEY
At that time as many as 200,000 people lived in Teotihuacan in ______ 2,000 houses.
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largest , isknown , became , their
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Вопросы 23-25
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке
23.POPULAR
Today, the Forbidden City is a public museum that draws the attention of millions of travellers and tourists from around the world. Some people think that it is one of the ______ sights in the world.
24.BUILD
It ______ as the Chinese imperial palace by one of the emperors. It was also the ceremonial and political centre of the Chinese government for almost five centuries.
25.INCLUDE
Now it is known as the Palace Museum that covers 74 hectares ______ over 900 buildings with 9 999 rooms.
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mostpopular , wasbuilt , including
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Вопросы 26-31
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке
26. DEFENSE
Castle Clinton was built in the times of Napoleonic wars and great tension between Britain and the US. New York was almost ______ and in a short time five new forts, Castle Clinton among them, were built.
27.ENTERTAIN
However, it was never used as a fortress. In 1824, it became a place of public ______ .
28.SCIENCE
A newspaper described it as a «fanciful garden, tastefully ornamented with shrubs and flowers». The garden was the setting for band concerts, fireworks and demonstrations of the latest ______ achievements.
29.REMARK
Many ______ people were honored at the Garden, President Andrew Jackson among them.
30.VISIT
In 1896 Castle Clinton became the city Aquarium and thousands of ______ rushed to see fish that came from the waters around New York.
31. VARY
Later exotic fish from around the world were brought to the Aquarium and the collection grew in number and ______ .
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defenseless , entertainment , scientific , remarkable , visitors , variety
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Вопросы 32-38
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Вставьте номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в соответствующее поле внизу страницы.
“Liz! Remember to clean up the basement, ok?” Mrs. Parker called out. Liz, who was still lying in bed, sighed heavily and 32 ______ . “All right, mom,” she answered flatly, dragging herself out of bed. She got changed and headed downstairs for breakfast. As usual, the whole family was already seated at the dining table. Liz greeted everyone and sat at a 33 ______ seat next to her elder brother Evan. “Pass me the butter, bro,” she said. “Sure,” Evan replied and passed it to her. “Thanks,” Liz said, and 34 ______ a thin layer of it onto her toast. Mrs. Parker placed an arm onto her daughter’s shoulder. “Honey, I know it’s going to be a tiring day for you, and I’d like your brother to help too. But he’s got to head back to school for a day-long band practice.” Liz sat still and didn’t utter a 35 ______ word. She was mad that Evan had band practice and did not need to help in the 36 ______ chores. “I know what you're thinking, Liz. But honey, we really need your help. Dad's away on a 37 ______ trip, you know, his boss has sent him. Evan’s busy with band practices, and I’ve got to help your grandma. You know, her health’s been poor these days*” “Ok, ok. Enough of it, mom. I’ll clean up the basement,” Liz said. Sometimes she wished her mother wouldn’t explain the reasons to her. Anyway, she thought to herself, it’ll be good to 38 ______ the basement a little. She hadn’t stepped into it since they moved in here a couple of months ago. “Who knows something interesting will pop out of nowhere,” she grinned.
32.
1) waved
2) nodded
3) bowed
4) bent
33.
1) clear
2) unfilled
3) blank
4) vacant
34.
1) spread
2) extended
3) divided
4) covered
35.
1) separate
2) single
3) only
4) sole
36.
1) housework
2) homework
3) household
4) housekeeping
37.
1) working
2) official
3) company
4) business
38.
1) discover
2) research
3) explore
4) analyze
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2 , 4 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 3
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Вопрос 39
Раздел 4. Письмо
You havе rеcеivеd a lеttеr from your English-speaking pen-friend Stuart who writes:
… Last weekend my cousin taught me how to cook Indian food. It was great! I love Indian food! What national cuisine do you prefer and why? What are some of your favourite dishes? What can you cook?...
Guess what! I’m planning to go to a cooking camp for teenagers during the spring break…
Write a letter to Stuart.
In your letter
- answer her questions
- ask 3 questions about the cooking camp for teenagers.
Write 100—140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания
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1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6
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Вопрос 40
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных высказываний и выразите своё мнение по предложенной проблеме согласно данному плану.
Comment on one of the following statements.
1. The best things in life are free.
2. Space exploration was the greatest achievement of the 20th century.
What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200–250 words. Use the following plan:
− make an introduction (state the problem)
− express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
− express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
− explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
− make a conclusion restating your position
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания
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Правильный ответ:
6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14
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Вопрос 41
Раздел 5. Говорение
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
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Charles Darwin was driven by gastronomic, as well as scientific, curiosity and once ate an oil. While reading Divinity at Cambridge University, he became a member of the Glutton club which met once a week and actively sought to eat animals not normally found on menus. Darwin’s son commenting on his father’s letters, noted that the Glutton club enjoyed, among other things, hawk and bittern. Over the years, Darwin sharpened up considerably in the academic arena and lost his faith in God, but he never lost his taste for the allure of an interesting menu. In the Galapagos, Darwin wolfed down a few helpings of giant tortoise. Not realising the importance of giant tortoises to his later evolutionary theory, forty-eight specimens were loaded aboard the Beagle. Darwin and his shipmates proceeded to eat them, throwing the shells overboard as they finished.
|
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания
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Вы пропустили вопрос
Правильный ответ:
1
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Вопрос 42
Study the advertisement.
You are considering visiting Universal Studios while travelling to Los Angeles with a group of friends of yours, and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:
1) working hours
2) ticket cost for a group of teenagers
3) discounts on the weekdays
4) chance to meet famous actors
5) getting to Universal Studios by public transportation
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания
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Правильный ответ:
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
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Вопрос 43
These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken
• what/who is in the photo
• what is happening
• why you keep the photo in your album
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend
You have to talk continuously, starting with: "I’ve chosen photo number … ".
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания
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Правильный ответ:
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
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Вопрос 44
Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:
• give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
• say what the pictures have in common
• say in what way the pictures are different
• say what kind of job presented in the photos you prefer
• explain why
You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания
Ваш ответ:
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Правильный ответ:
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
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